Printing of charts



Oct 23, 1934. J. NEUMANN ET AL 1,977,805

PRINTING OF CHARTS Filed NOV. 17, 1955 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 23, 1934 PATENT OFFICE v 1,977,805 PRINTING OF CHARTS Joseph Neumann and Rudolph Neumann,

New York, N. Y;

Application November 17, 1933,.Serial No. 698,412

3 Claims. (Cl. 101-426) The present invention relates to the printing of circular charts and it particularly relates to the printing of both sides of such charts for dial instruments. i

Qj'I'he charts for the usual types of dial instruments for continuously measuring and recording temperature'pressure, carbon dioxide content and so forth over a considerableperiodof time are provided witha, series "of closely spaced circular graduations, which must be, most accurately centered upon the axis of the dialof the instru mentand also be provided with a series of transverse curved' graduations indicating the passage of time, extendingradiallyoutwardly froin the central portion of the chart. p (j Due tofthe highldegre'e of accuracy required in centering theseflcharts, so that their axes will ,exactly coincidewith the axes of the dial and so that their transverse radial curved graduations will cooperate accurately with the pivotal indieating and recording arm, it has been customary to graduate these charts on only one side, as it was not possible bypmethods hitherto employed to assure that graduations, if applied to both sides of the chart, would be accurately centered upon the axis of the dial. i I

Among the objects of the present invention are to provide a method of forming and printing dial charts 'ofthe character above described, in which it will be possible to print the charts on both sides with assurance that the graduations on both sides, will substantially coincide and will be substantially exactly centered upon the dial axis. Otherobjects will appear during the course of the following specification. i

' In accomplishing the above objects it has not been found possible to. utilize the usual type of centering or aligning meansemployed in printing processes, inwhich the lower and one of the ,side edges of the sheet of paper are brought up against and contacted with a series of stops or rules. I,

In order to assure accurate registration of the A chart it has been found desirable to square the chart with intersecting lines positioned around the exterior of the circular graduated portion, which crossing lines or corner lines must coincide when the chart is held up against the light. These crossing or corner lines serve as a guide for the printer.

The above and other objects will appear more clearly from the following detailed description,

when taken in connection with the accompany ing drawing, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of the inventive ideais applied thereto.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 shows a circular chart after printing on both sides about one-quarter size, with the back of the chart partly turned over, and- Figure. Zshows the front of the chart.

Referringto Figs. 1 and 2, the charts are printed upon square sheets of paper 10 from plates, preferably with blue ink upon a white background.

These plates are prepared in the following manner. The chart is carefully plotted and made by an engineer after 'a determination of the characteristics of the instruments to which the dial chart is to be applied; This chart is then encircular knife, is inserted for concentrically cutting out the center of the chart simultaneously upon printing the same. that the centerof the chart will be correctly positioned in regard to the circular graduation lines.

. The plate is then placed in a printing'press, preferably of the fiat bed variety, and the plate is applied to one side of'a stack of sheets of paper 10, the center of the sheet being simultaneously cut outwith the printing of the chart thereon. As previously stated, it has been found preferable to print blue lines on White, as a much better reading is obtained upon sucha chart, whenthe red ink of the indicating arm Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the circular chart lines 11 indicate the pressure or temperature or so forth, while the curved radial lines 12 indicate the passage of time. As stated before, the central portion of the chart 13 is cut out by the circular knife in the center of the plate simultaneously with the printing of the chart thereto. It will be noted, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, that the hours are indicated by the numerals 14, around the outer margin 15 of the chart, which outer margin is partly colored dark blue, as at 16, to indicate the night hours, and 1110v Assurance is thus had 85 batch of sheets 10 have been printed on-- one side, the batch is then reversed and is run through on the reverse side. Ordinarily, the

guide blocks 19 on the lower edge and on one of p the side edges would be sufiicient for reverse printing, but in charts of the character described.

in the present application where a high degree of accuracy is necessary," these guidejblocks 19] and 20 do not sufiice to assure accurate printing.

The corners l8 enable the assuranc'of a very accurate registry on the front and back of the chart. The apparatus is first set so that the corners on the front and back of .the chartsQw'hen printed will exactly coincide when, the chart is held up to the light, and throughout the printing the guides 19 and 20 may be adjusted to achieve this registry. rWhen thislregistry'is made, assurance is had thattherewill be a" very .exact registry of the circular graduations on bothsides of the'chart. t t

f ter the charts havebeenprinted on both sides, they may be cut by a steel die tothecircle 21;,and this last cuttingoperationneed not be extremely. accurate since the chartshave been mostqaccurately centered on both sides so that their graduations 11' will 'correspondin a predetermined manner, 3 I a When the charts areprinted on both sideseas in the present case itis very-necessary to provide special paper which will not shrink during the interval-between operationof printing on' one side and then on theother side. The best type of paper is that which contains at least rag stock. The amount of rag preferably varies be- "tween and The remainder. of the stock is; principally sulphite pulp.

This paper should be highly calendered and should be deeply surfaced with a sizing to pre- .vent penetration of moisture so that all fibers both on the surface and substantially below the surfacewill be thoroughly coated. with the sizing and. will be altogether non-absorptive of the moisture or ink applied. The blue ink applied to this chart should. be of .an unfading base.

Paper so treated is highly non-absorptive and highly non -hygroscopi c and in the finishing operations it is preferably loft-dried. "It-is obvious that many modifications may be made in the method set forth and the-accompanying example is givenby way of; illustration and not by way of limitation.

;By employing both sides of the charts renecording, it is possible to assure more; economical storage since thesecharts areoften kept for long i 4 periods of time in the permanent archives of laboratories, manufacturing and public service corporations and so forth.

In Fig. 2 at the corner of the sheet indicated by the numeral 30 is shown a slightly different means of alignment which may be utilized in addition to or in lieu of the corners 18. Although shown at only onecorner 30. it may be also placed at the four corners of the sheet of Fig. 2. As indicated, this modified alignment consists oftwo parallel arcs-31 and 32 outside of the line 21, through which arcs pass the radial diagonal lines 33.

"What is claimed is:

1'.v A method of printing both sides of circular charts having a plurality of relatively closely 'spaced'circular'graduations on both sides, the

registry of which cannot be readily determined by'looking through'thechart when held up to the light, said charts being particularly designed for dial recording instruments said method being for the purpose of. assuring that said circular graduations shall substantially exactly register which comprises forming on said charts a series of spaced right angle corners at intervals oi 90f and positioned substantially to the outside of thecircular graduations, whichcornersare made of lines tangent to the outer circular 'g'raduations, j the printer. in printing saidjchartson the reverse side making certain said corners are in exact registry on 'theiront and back of the chart by holding the chartf'up tov the light during ,the'printing operation l.v 2. Amethod of printing circular charts having aYpluralityf of r elatively closely spac'ed circular graduations on both sides, the registry Of'WhiCh cannot be readily determined by lookingthrough the chart when held unto the light, said charts beingp'articularly designed for dial recording instruments saidmethod being ,to assure that the c rcular, graduations "shall substantially exactly register; which comprises providing a printing plate having a central knife to cut a central opening anda plurality of corners around said'char t, whichcorners are causedto register exactly when the chart'isprinted on both sides. 'p

3. A process of printing circular charts designed for dial recording instruments onboth sides, said charts to be'provided with a plurality of relatively closely. spaced circular graduations, theregistry of which cannot be determinedby'holding the chart up'tof the light and looking therethrough,

said process being" to assure that the circular I graduations shall substantially exactly register,

which comprises forming on said charts at spaced 90 intervals a'radial line andtwo crossing concentric circular lines positioned substantially to the outside of the outermost oi the circular graduations, the'prin'ter'in printing said charts on'the reverse sidemaking certain said corners are in exact registry during printing by holding the chart upto the light during the printing operation. Y

I JOSEPH NEUMANN."

fRUDOLRH NEUMANN. 

